Trocar stability assembly

ABSTRACT

A stability assembly for a trocar cannula includes a conical stability member, a base, and a cannula retention member. The base has a passage defining an inner surface, and a constriction in the passage. The cannula retention member is rotatable within the passage, and advancement of the cannula retention member over the constriction reduces the inner diameter of the passage to restrain a cannula in the passage. Various latch mechanisms including interface surfaces on the base and the cannula retention member can be used in the stability assembly to secure the stability assembly around a cannula. Various conical stability members can be used in the stability assembly.

CROSS REFERENCE TO RELATED APPLICATIONS

This application claims the benefit of U.S. Provisional PatentApplication Ser. No. 61/021,214, entitled STABILITY CONE, filed on Jan.15, 2008, which is hereby incorporated herein by reference in itsentirety.

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION

1. Field of the Invention

The present application relates to trocars or surgical access ports andin particular to stability assemblies releasably attached to the cannulaof a trocar system.

2. Description of the Related Art

A stability assembly can be used with a blunt tip trocar in alaparoscopic surgery utilizing the Hassan technique. The stabilityassembly can maintain the stability of the trocar cannula within anabdominal port during the laparoscopic procedure. Previous stabilityassemblies have included conical stability members and lock memberscoupled to the stability members. The lock members allowed the stabilitymembers to be selectively positioned and repositioned at a desired pointalong the trocar cannula.

Previous stability assemblies suffered from various shortcomings,however. For example, the lock mechanisms could be complex, increasingcosts and difficulties of manufacturing and assembly. These complex lockmechanisms could also be difficult to be engaged by the user.

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION

In various embodiments, stability assemblies are provided herein thatovercome certain of the aforementioned shortcomings, and provide certainother advantages. For example, the stability assemblies described hereincan comprise a locking mechanism that attaches securely at a desiredlocation along the length of the cannula, while being simple tomanufacture and operate. Certain embodiments of stability assemblyinclude a stability member such as a stability cone that is configuredto maintain a reliable seal with the trocar cannula and the entryincision in order to maintain pressure within the surgical site.

In certain embodiments, a stability assembly for a trocar system isprovided herein that comprises a stability member, a base, and a cannularetention member. The stability member has a generally conical outersurface and a lumen extending through the stability member. The base ispositioned at least partially within the lumen of the stability member.The base has an outer surface and an inner surface defined by a passageextending therethrough. The passage is adapted to receive a cannulatherethrough. The inner surface of the base includes at least oneconstriction. The cannula retention member is positioned at leastpartially within the passage of the base and is rotatably coupled to thebase. The cannula retention member is rotatable between a first positionin which the passage of the base and the retention member define a firstinner diameter, and a second position in which a portion of theretention member is advanced over the constriction such that the passageof the base and the retention member define a second inner diametersmaller than the first inner diameter.

In other embodiments, a stability assembly for a trocar system isprovided herein that comprises a stability member, a base, and aretention member. The stability member is adapted to seal an entry portincision. The stability member has a lumen extending therethrough. Thelumen defines a longitudinal axis of the stability assembly. The base ispositioned at least partially within the lumen. The base has a passageextending along the longitudinal axis. The passage is adapted to receivea cannula therein. The retention member is positioned such that theretention member and the passage define an inner diameter of thestability assembly. The retention member is rotatable about thelongitudinal axis between a first position wherein the stabilityassembly has a first inner diameter and a second position wherein thestability assembly has a second inner diameter smaller than the firstinner diameter.

In other embodiments, a stability assembly for a trocar system isprovided herein that comprises a stability member, a base, a retentionmember, and a latch mechanism. The stability member is adapted to sealan entry port incision and has a lumen extending therethrough. The basehas an outer surface and an inner surface defined by a passage extendingtherethrough. The base is positioned such that the passage extendsthrough at least a portion of the lumen. The retention member isrotatably coupled to the base. The retention member and the base definean inner diameter of the stability assembly. The retention member isrotatable between a first position wherein the stability assembly has afirst inner diameter and a second position wherein the stabilityassembly has a second inner diameter smaller than the first innerdiameter. The latch mechanism is configured to selectively maintain theretention member in the second position.

In other embodiments, a stability assembly for a trocar system isprovided herein that comprises a stability member, a base, and anactuator. The stability member is adapted to seal an entry portincision. The stability member has a lumen extending therethroughconfigured to receive a cannula. The base is positioned about a portionof the stability member. The base has a retention loop integrally formedtherewith defining an inner diameter of the base. The retention looppartially surrounds the portion of the stability member. The actuator iscoupled to the base and configured to actuate the retention loop. Theactuator is movable between a first position in which the inner diameterhas a first diameter and a second position in which the inner diameterhas a second diameter smaller than the first diameter.

In other embodiments, a stability assembly for a trocar system isprovided herein that comprises a stability member and a retentionassembly. The stability member is adapted to seal an entry portincision. The stability assembly has a lumen extending therethroughconfigured to receive a cannula. The retention assembly comprises abase, a retention loop, and an actuator. The base is positioned about aportion of the stability member. The base has a passage therethrough forreceiving a portion of the stability member. The base has a slot formedthrough a portion thereof extending between an outer surface of the baseand the passage. The retention loop has a first portion extending arounda portion of the base and a second portion extending through the slot ofthe base such that an inner diameter of the retention assembly isdefined by an inner surface of the passage of the base and the secondportion of the retention loop. The actuator is coupled to the retentionloop and configured to actuate the retention loop. The actuator ismovable between a first position in which the retention assembly has afirst diameter and a second position in which the retention loop has asecond diameter smaller than the first diameter.

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

FIG. 1 is a perspective view of an embodiment of trocar assembly withstability assembly;

FIG. 2 is a perspective view of the stability assembly illustrated inFIG. 1;

FIG. 3 is an exploded perspective view of the stability assemblyillustrated in FIG. 1;

FIG. 4A is a top view of a base of the stability assembly illustrated inFIG. 1;

FIG. 4B is a perspective view of the base of the stability assemblyillustrated in FIG. 1;

FIG. 5A is a top view of a cannula retention member of the stabilityassembly illustrated in FIG. 1;

FIG. 5B is a perspective view of the cannula retention member of thestability assembly illustrated in FIG. 1;

FIG. 6A is a top view of the base and cannula retention member of thestability assembly illustrated in FIG. 1 in a first position;

FIG. 6B is a top view of the base and cannula retention member of thestability assembly illustrated in FIG. 1 in a second position;

FIG. 7 is a top view of a base and cannula retention member of anotherembodiment of stability assembly;

FIG. 8 is a top view of a base and cannula retention member of anotherembodiment of stability assembly;

FIG. 9 is a top view of a base and cannula retention member of anotherembodiment of stability assembly;

FIG. 10 is a top view of a base and cannula retention member of anotherembodiment of stability assembly;

FIG. 11A is an exploded perspective view of an embodiment of stabilityassembly;

FIG. 11B is a perspective view of the base of the stability assembly ofFIG. 11A;

FIG. 11C is a top view of the base and cannula retention member of thestability assembly of FIG. 11A;

FIG. 12A is an exploded perspective view of an embodiment of stabilityassembly;

FIG. 12B is a perspective view of the cannula retention member of thestability assembly of FIG. 12A with a lever assembly in a firstposition;

FIG. 12C is a perspective view of the cannula retention member of thestability assembly of FIG. 12A with a lever assembly in a secondposition;

FIG. 12D is a top view of the base and cannula retention member of thestability assembly of FIG. 12A;

FIG. 13 is a perspective view of an embodiment of stability assembly;

FIG. 14 is a perspective view of an embodiment of stability assembly;

FIG. 15 is a top view of a base and cannula retention member of anotherembodiment of stability assembly;

FIG. 16 is a perspective view of another embodiment of stabilityassembly;

FIG. 17 is a top view of a base and cannula retention member of anotherembodiment of stability assembly;

FIG. 18A is an exploded perspective view of a another embodiment ofstability assembly with a ribbed cannula;

FIG. 18B is a perspective view of a cannula retention member of thestability assembly of FIG. 18A;

FIG. 18C is a top view of a base and the cannula retention member of thestability assembly of FIG. 18A;

FIG. 19A is an exploded perspective view of another embodiment ofstability assembly with a threaded cannula;

FIG. 19B is a perspective view of a cannula retention member of thestability assembly of FIG. 19A;

FIG. 19C is a top view of a base and the cannula retention member of thestability assembly of FIG. 19A;

FIG. 20A is an exploded perspective view of a base and retention memberof another embodiment of stability assembly;

FIG. 20B is a top view of a base of the stability assembly of FIG. 20A;

FIG. 20C is a top view of another embodiment of base for the stabilityassembly of FIG. 20A;

FIG. 21A is an exploded perspective view of another embodiment ofstability assembly;

FIG. 21B is a perspective view of the stability assembly of FIG. 21A;

FIG. 22A is an exploded perspective view of another embodiment ofstability assembly;

FIG. 22B is a perspective view of the stability assembly of FIG. 22A;

FIG. 23A is a longitudinal cross-sectional view of a stability member ofa stability assembly;

FIG. 23B is a longitudinal cross-sectional view of the stability memberof FIG. 23A positioned about a cannula;

FIG. 24A is a perspective view of another embodiment of stabilitymember;

FIG. 24B is a top view of the stability member of FIG. 24A.

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

With reference to FIGS. 1-6, an embodiment of stability assembly for atrocar cannula is illustrated. In the illustrated embodiment, thestability assembly 51 comprises a stability member 20, cannula retentionmember 53, and a base 57. FIG. 1 illustrates a perspective view of thestability assembly 51 having a cannula 10 inserted longitudinally intothe stability assembly 51 along a central longitudinal axis of thestability assembly 51. FIG. 2 illustrates a perspective view of thestability assembly 51 with a cannula 10 removed, and FIG. 3 illustratesan exploded perspective view of the stability assembly 51 with thecannula 10 removed.

Stability Member

With continued reference to FIGS. 1-6, the stability member 20 can havea generally conical outer surface extending from a relatively wideproximal end to relatively narrow distal end. As further described withrespect to FIGS. 23 and 24, the stability member 20 can include acontoured outer surface including one or more protruding annular rings32 (FIG. 3), a ramped surface, or another retention surface to enhancesealing and securing of the stability member 20 with an entry incisionor access site.

In some embodiments, the stability member 20 can comprise a flexiblematerial such as a silicone rubber. Advantageously, the flexibility ofthe stability member 20 can allow it to conform to an incision wall oruneven surrounding tissue while reducing the force applied and therebyminimizing potential trauma to tissue.

With reference to FIG. 3, the stability member 20 comprises a lumen 22extending therethrough. The lumen 22 extends along the centrallongitudinal axis of the stability assembly from a proximal end to adistal end of the stability member 20. The lumen can be configured toreceive at least a portion of the base 57 therein.

Base

With reference to FIGS. 1-6, in the illustrated embodiment, the base 57comprises a generally cylindrical member having a proximal portion 67and a distal portion 69. (FIG. 4B). An embodiment of the base 57 isillustrated in FIGS. 4A and 4B. FIG. 4A illustrates a top view of thebase 57, and FIG. 4B illustrates a perspective view of the base 57. Inthe illustrated embodiment, the proximal portion 67 is adapted toreceive the cannula retention member 53. As illustrated, the distalportion 69 is at least partially positioned within the lumen 22 of thestability member 20. (FIG. 3). The base 57 can also include at least onecylindrical flange 71 protruding therefrom.

In certain embodiments, the base 57 has an inner surface defined by apassage 59 extending therethrough along the longitudinal axis of thestability assembly. In certain embodiments, the base 57 is configured tocouple with the cannula retention member 53 to selectively retain acannula 10 (FIG. 1) positioned through the passage. The base 57 caninclude a diametric constriction, such as an inner ramped surface 63 ora region of increased wall thickness, formed in the passage 59 tocooperate with the cannula retention member 53 as further describedherein. In certain embodiments, the base 57 can include a matingsurface, such as an outer ramped surface 61 formed on the proximalportion 67 of the base 53 to cooperate with the cannula retention memberas further described herein. In a certain embodiments, the base 57 caninclude a retention slot 65, formed through the proximal portion 67 ofthe base 57 to cooperate with the cannula retention member 53 as furtherdescribed herein.

In certain embodiments, the base 57 can be formed by a moldingoperation. For example, in some embodiments, the base can be formed ofan injection-molded thermoplastic material. Advantageously, this moldedbase can be durable and can be manufactured quickly and relativelyinexpensively.

Cannula Retention Member

With continued reference to FIGS. 1-6, in the illustrated embodiment,the cannula retention member 53 comprises an annular loop portion 72 anda lever portion 70. (FIGS. 5A, 5B). An embodiment of the cannularetention member 53 is illustrated in FIGS. 5A and 5B. FIG. 5Aillustrates a top view of the cannula retention member 53, and FIG. 5Billustrates a perspective view of the cannula retention member 53.

With reference to FIGS. 5A and 5B, as illustrated, the annular loopportion 72 of the cannula retention member 53 comprises a generallycylindrical segment. Although in the illustrated embodiment, the annularloop portion 72 comprises a cylindrical segment spanning more than 270°,it is contemplated that in some embodiments, then annular loop portioncan comprise a relatively small, less than approximately 180°cylindrical segment, an intermediate sized or “C-shaped” cylindricalsegment, or a substantially cylindrical segment.

With continued reference to FIGS. 5A and 5B, desirably, the annular loopportion 72 of the cannula retention member is relatively flexible tocooperate with the base 57 as further described herein. In theillustrated embodiment, the annular loop portion 72 comprises a flexiblematerial having a substantially constant wall thickness. However, it iscontemplated that in other embodiments, wall thickness of the annularloop portion 72 could vary wall thickness, with locations of relativelythin wall thickness forming flexure regions of the loop portion.

With continued reference to FIGS. 5A and 5B, as illustrated, the annularloop portion 72 can comprise a retention tab 83 formed thereon. Theretention tab 83 can extend from an outer surface of the annular loopportion 72, and can be sized and configured to fit within the retentionslot 65 of the base 57. Advantageously, with the retention tab 83positioned within the retention slot 65, longitudinal movement of theretention member 53 relative to the base 57 along the centrallongitudinal axis of the stability assembly can be restrained.Furthermore, the length of the retention slot 65 in the base 57 candefine a range of rotational movement of the retention member 53relative to the base 57 about the central longitudinal axis.

While the illustrated embodiments include a single retention tab 83interfacing with a single retention slot 65, it is contemplated that insome embodiments, the retention member 53 can comprise a plurality ofretention tabs, and the base 57 can comprise a corresponding pluralityof retention slots. Furthermore, while the base 57 of the illustratedembodiment includes a retention slot 65 extending therethrough, it iscontemplated that in other embodiments, a retention slot could be agroove or recess extending partially through the base 57.

With continued reference to FIGS. 5A and 5B, as illustrated, the leverportion 70 comprises an actuation lever 76, a latch lever 78, a flexiblerib 79, and a latch tab 81. In the illustrated embodiment, an interfacesurface such as a latch tab 81 is formed at an end of the latch lever78. As illustrated, the flexible rib 79 extends between the actuationlever 76 and the latch lever 78, and allows the latch lever 78 to bepivoted with respect to the actuation lever 76. This pivoting motion canmove the latch tab 81 from a position relatively close to the annularloop portion 72 to a position spaced apart from the annular loop portion72.

As illustrated, the actuation lever 76 and the latch lever 78 can haveribbed surfaces to enhance the grippability of the levers. In otherembodiments, one or both of the levers 76, 78 can include texturing,contouring, or other surface features to enhance grippability.

In certain embodiments, the retention member 53 can be formed by amolding operation. For example, in some embodiments, the retentionmember 53 can be formed of an injection-molded thermoplastic material.Advantageously, this molded retention member can be manufactured quicklyand relatively inexpensively. In some embodiments, both the base 57 andthe retention member 53 are molded, and this commonality can lead tofurther manufacturing efficiencies and cost savings.

Operation

With reference to FIGS. 6A-6B, operation of the stability assembly 51 ofFIGS. 1-6 is illustrated. FIG. 6A illustrates a top view of thestability assembly, with the retention member 53 rotated to a firstposition with respect to the base 57. FIG. 6B illustrates a top view ofthe stability assembly with the retention member 53 rotated to a secondposition with respect to the base 57.

With reference to FIG. 6A, with the retention member 53 in the firstposition, the annular loop portion 72 does not extend over substantiallyall of the ramped surface 63 formed in the passage 59 of the base 57.The passage 59 and the retention member 53 define an inner diameter ofthe stability assembly. As illustrated, with the retention member 53 inthe first position, the stability assembly has a first diameter D1.Desirably, the base 57 and the retention member 53 can be sized andconfigured such that the first diameter D1 is larger than the outerdiameter of a trocar cannula to be inserted into the stability assembly.For example, in some embodiments, the base 57 and cannula retentionmember 53 can be sized to allow the passage of a 12 mm cannula when theretention member 53 is in the first position. In other embodiments, thebase 57 and cannula retention member 53 can be sized and configured toadmit cannulae having other standard or non-standard sizes. Thus, withthe retention member 53 in the first position, a trocar cannula 10(FIG. 1) can be inserted into the passage 59 and moved until thestability assembly is at a desired location on the cannula 10.

With reference to FIG. 6B, with the retention member 53 in the secondposition, the annular loop portion 72 extends over at least a portion ofthe ramped surface 63 formed in the passage 59 of the base 57. With theretention member 53 in the second position, the stability assembly has asecond diameter D2. During rotation of the retention member 53 from thefirst position to the second position, the annular loop portion 72 hasbeen advanced over a portion of the ramped surface 63 of the base 57. Inthe second position, the ramped surface 63 directs the annular loopportion 72 into the passage, thus reducing the inner diameter of thestability assembly. Accordingly, the second diameter D2 of the stabilityassembly is smaller than the first inner diameter D1 of the stabilityassembly. Desirably, the base 57 and the retention member 53 can besized and configured such that the second diameter D2 is smaller thanthe outer diameter of a trocar cannula to be inserted into the stabilityassembly. Accordingly, with the retention member 53 in the secondposition, the stability assembly 51 can apply a clamping force on anouter surface of the cannula 10. Thus, with the retention member 53 inthe second position, the position of a trocar cannula 10 (FIG. 1) withrespect to the stability member can be restrained with respect to thecentral longitudinal axis of the stability assembly.

To secure a cannula 10 in the stability assembly 51, a user can rotatethe retention member 53 from the first position to the second position.The user can position a thumb or finger on the actuation lever 76 andadvance the actuation lever 76 counterclockwise with respect to thecentral longitudinal axis of the illustrated embodiment of stabilityassembly. In other embodiments, the stability assembly can be configuredsuch that clockwise advancement of the actuation lever advances theretention member 53 to the second position to restrain a cannula 10.With reference to FIGS. 6A and 6B, as the retention member 53 isadvanced into the second position, the latch tab 81 is advanced over theouter ramped surface 61 of the base 57. This advancement of the latchtab 81 over the ramped surface 61 can move an inner surface of theannular loop portion 72 into the passage 59 of the base 57, which cancooperate to reduce the second diameter D2 of the stability assembly.Desirably, the ramped surface 61 and the latch tab 81 can be shaped andconfigured to interface as a latch mechanism when the retention member53 is in the second position, forming a latched connection. For example,the outer ramped surface of the base 57 can include a ramp portion and adetent portion positioned such that the latch tab 81 is retained in thedetent portion when retention member 53 is in the second position.

To release a cannula 10 from the stability assembly 51, either toreposition or remove the stability assembly from the cannula, a user canrotate the retention member 53 from the second position to the firstposition. To release the latched connection between the latch tab 81 andthe outer ramped surface 61 of the base 57, the user can pivot the latchlever 78 with respect to the actuation lever 76, such as by squeezingthe latch lover 78 and the actuation lever 76 with a thumb and finger.This pivot motion can disengage the latch tab 81 from the detent of theramped surface 61 such that the retention member 53 can be freelyrotated towards the first position with respect to the base 57.

Thus, in the illustrated embodiment, the latch tab 81 on the cannularetention member 53 and the outer ramped surface 61 on an outer surfaceof the base 57 form a latch mechanism that allows a user to selectivelymaintain the cannula retention member 53 in the second position.Advantageously, the latch mechanism is intuitive and easy to operate bya user. In certain commercial embodiments, the latch mechanism can beactively engaged by the user and as such in the initial or rest stage astability assembly is not secured or latched to the outer surface of thecannula. Thus, if the cannula and stability assembly are packaged in anassembled state, i.e., cannula inserted through the stability assembly,the latch mechanism is less prone to failure due to stresses that may beinduced on the stability assembly during storage. As such, packaging canbe simplified or reduced as the stability assembly and cannula can beprovided in the assembled state.

Stability Assemblies Having Various Latch Mechanisms

With reference to FIGS. 7-17, stability assemblies having variousembodiments of latch mechanism are illustrated. FIGS. 7-10 illustratetop views of various embodiments of stability assemblies having latchmechanisms with a first interface surface on an outer surface of a base,and a second interface surface on the cannula retention member. FIGS.11-14 illustrate various embodiments of stability assembly having latchmechanisms with a first interface surface on a flange of the base, and asecond interface surface on the cannula retention member. FIGS. 15-17illustrate top views of various embodiments of stability assemblieshaving latch mechanisms with a first interface surface on it innersurface of the base and a second interface surface on the cannularetention member. It is contemplated that various aspects of each ofthese embodiments can be combined with various aspects of others ofthese embodiments to form different embodiments of stability assemblywithin the scope of this application.

With reference to FIG. 7, an embodiment of stability assembly 151 isillustrated that comprises a base 157 and a cannula retention member153. Similar to the embodiment of FIGS. 1-6, in the embodimentillustrated in FIG. 7, the base comprises a passage 159 defining aninner surface thereof and a constriction such as a ramp surface 163. Insome embodiments, the base 157 can comprise a ledge or stop 191 to limitrotation of the cannula retention member 153. As illustrated, thecannula retention member 153 comprises an annular loop portion 172 and alever portion 170. As illustrated, the lever portion 170 comprises anactuation lever 176, a latch lever 178, and a flexible rib 179 pivotablyconnecting the latch lever 178 to the actuation lever 176. An interfacesurface such as a pawl 181 can be disposed on an end of the latch lever178.

In the embodiment illustrated in FIG. 7, an interface surface on thebase 157 comprises a ratchet 161 having a plurality of ramps. Each rampcomprises an inclined surface 165 and a detent 167. In operation, as thecannula retention member 153 is advanced from a first position in whicha cannula can be inserted or moved within the passage 159 to a secondposition in which the cannula is retained by the passage 159, the pawl181 is advanced over one or more inclined surfaces 165 and into one ormore detents 167 of the ratchet 161. The detents 167 maintain theposition of the cannula retention member 153 with respect to the base157 once a desired position has been achieved. To release a cannula fromwithin the passage 159, a user can disengage the pawl 181 from theratchet 161 by pivoting the latch lever 178 with respect to theactuation lever 176, such as by pinching the levers 176, 178 between athumb and forefinger. With the pawl 181 disengaged from the ratchet 161,the cannula retention member 153 can be returned to a first position,and the cannula moved or withdrawn from the passage 159.

Advantageously, a ratchet latch mechanism allows a user to selectivelyrestrain the cannula retention mechanism in a plurality of positionswith respect to the base. Thus, a ratchet latch mechanism can allowadjustment of the amount of clamping force as desired by the user.Further, a ratchet latch mechanism is intuitive to use and can providetactile and audible feedback to the user.

In various embodiments a stability assembly having a ratchet latchmechanism, the shape of the ramps can vary to retain a particulardesired resistance and feel to the locking and unlocking actuation. Insome embodiments, an initial ramp of a ratchet mechanism can be enlargedrelative to other steps to reduce initial actuation and or identify theinitial or start position of the retention member. Furthermore, thelocation of the ramps of a ratchet can be varied to provide differentclamping forces or different cannula sizes or reversed between the leverand the base.

With reference to FIG. 8, some embodiments of stability assembly do notinclude a latch lever in the latch mechanism. As illustrated in FIG. 8,an embodiment of stability assembly comprises a base 257 and a cannularetention member 253. Similar to the embodiment of FIGS. 1-6, in theembodiment illustrated in FIG. 8, the base comprises a passage 259defining an inner surface thereof, and a constriction such as a rampedsurface 263. In some embodiments, the base 257 can comprise a ledge orstop 291 to limit rotation of the cannula retention member 253. Likewiseas illustrated, the cannula retention member 253 comprises an annularloop portion 272, and a lever portion 270. As illustrated, the leverportion 270 comprises an actuation lever 276, an interface surface suchas a pawl 281, and a flexible rib 279 pivotably connecting the interfacesurface 281 to the actuation lever 276.

With continued reference to FIG. 8, an interface surface on the base 257comprises a ratchet 261 having a plurality of ramps. Each ramp comprisesan inclined surface 265 and a detent 267. Operation of the stabilityassembly of FIG. 8 is substantially similar to the embodiment describedabove with respect to FIG. 7. However, to disengage the pawl to a onefrom the ratchet 261, a user can pull the pawl 281 away from the ratchet261 such as by pulling on the pawl 281 radially outward with a finger.

With reference to FIG. 9, as noted above, some embodiments of stabilityassembly with a ratchet latch mechanism include different geometries forthe ramp steps of the ratchet. As illustrated in FIG. 9, an embodimentof stability assembly comprises a base 357, and a cannula retentionmember 353. Similar to the embodiment of FIGS. 1-6, in the embodimentillustrated in FIG. 9, the base comprises a passage 359 defining aninner surface thereof, and a constriction such as a ramped surface 363.In some embodiments, the base 357 can comprise a ledge or stop 391 tolimit rotation of the cannula retention member 353. Likewise asillustrated, the cannula retention member 353 comprises an annular loopportion 372, and a lever portion 370. As illustrated, the lever portion370 comprises an actuation lever 376, an interface surface such as apawl 381, and a flexible rib 379 pivotably connecting the interfacesurface 381 to the actuation lever 376.

With continued reference to FIG. 9, an interface surface on the base 357comprises a ratchet 361 having a plurality of ramps. Each ramp comprisesan inclined surface 365 and a detent 367. Operation of the stabilityassembly of FIG. 9 is substantially similar to the embodiment describedabove with respect to FIG. 8, as the pawl 381 of the embodimentillustrated in FIG. 9 can be directly disengaged by a user. In theembodiment of FIG. 9, the ratchet 361 includes fewer, relatively largerramps, as compared with the embodiment of FIG. 8. Thus, the embodimentof FIG. 9 provides fewer discrete detented positions for the cannularetention member 353.

With reference to FIG. 10, as noted above, some embodiments of stabilityassembly with a ratchet latch mechanism include different geometries forthe ramp steps and pawl of the latch mechanism. As illustrated in FIG.10, an embodiment of stability assembly comprises a base 457, and acannula retention member 453. Similar to the embodiment of FIGS. 1-6, inthe embodiment illustrated in FIG. 10, the base comprises a passage 459defining an inner surface thereof, and a constriction such as a rampedsurface 463. In some embodiments, the base 457 can comprise a ledge orstop 491 to limit rotation of the cannula retention member 453. Likewiseas illustrated, the cannula retention member 453 comprises an annularloop portion 472, and a lever portion 470. As illustrated, the leverportion 470 comprises an actuation lever 476 and an interface surfacesuch as a contoured protrusion 481 formed on the actuation lever 476.

With continued reference to FIG. 10, an interface surface on the base457 comprises a ratchet 461 having a plurality of recesses 465. Eachrecess 465 is contoured to receive the protrusion 481 on the retentionmember 453. Desirably, the recesses 465 and protrusion 481 are contouredsuch that they facilitate engagement and disengagement as the cannularetention member 453 is rotated with respect to the base 457. Forexample, in the illustrated embodiment, the protrusion 481 comprises agenerally semi-circular profile, and the recesses 465 each comprises amating generally circular profile. It is contemplated that in otherembodiments, other curvilinear or straight mating profiles can form theinterface surfaces of the stability assembly of FIG. 10. Operation ofthe stability assembly of FIG. 10 is substantially similar to theembodiment described above with respect to FIG. 9 However, in theembodiment of FIG. 10, the contoured interface surfaces allow rotationof the retention member 453 with respect to the base 457 withoutmovement of a pawl. Thus, the embodiment of FIG. 10 can providesmultiple ratchet-like stops with a different user interface feel than apawl and ratchet interface.

With reference to FIGS. 11-14, embodiments of stability assembly areillustrated with a latch mechanism having an interface surfacepositioned on a flange of the base. FIG. 11A illustrates an explodedperspective view of one embodiment a stability assembly, FIG. 11Billustrates a perspective view of the base of the stability assembly ofFIG. 11A, and FIG. 11C illustrates a top view of the base and retentionmember of the stability assembly of FIG. 11A. FIG. 12A illustrates anexploded perspective view of one embodiment a stability assembly, FIG.12B illustrates a perspective view of the retention member of thestability assembly of FIG. 12A in a first position, FIG. 12C illustratesthe retention member of the stability assembly of FIG. 12A in a secondposition, and FIG. 12D illustrates a top view of the base and retentionmember of the stability assembly of FIG. 12A. FIG. 13 illustrates aperspective view of another embodiment of stability assembly having aninterface service positioned on a flange of the base. FIG. 14illustrates a perspective view of another embodiment of stabilityassembly having an interface surface positioned on a flange of the base.

With reference to FIGS. 11A-11C, similar to the embodiment of FIGS. 1-6,in the embodiment illustrated in FIG. 11 (which includes FIGS. 11A-11C),the stability assembly comprises a stability member 520 having a lumen522 extending therethrough, a base 557 comprising a passage 559 definingan inner surface thereof, a constriction such as a ramped surface 563,and a retention slot 565. In some embodiments, the base 557 can comprisea ledge or stop 591 to limit rotation of the cannula retention member553. Likewise as illustrated, the cannula retention member 553 comprisesan annular loop portion 572, and a lever portion 570. As illustrated,the lever portion 570 comprises an actuation lever 576 and a latch lever578 pivotably coupled to the actuation lever 576. The annular loopportion 572 can comprise a retention tab 583 to maintain thelongitudinal position of the retention member 553 with respect to thebase 557.

With continued reference to FIG. 11, an interface surface on the base557 comprises a ramp 561 positioned on a flange 571 of the base 557. Inthe illustrated embodiment, the flange 571 separates a proximal portion567 of the base 557 from a distal portion 569 of the base. In someembodiments, the ramp 561 can be flexible relative to the flange 571.For example, as illustrated, the ramp 561 can have a slot 568 adjacentto it such that the ramp 561 can flex with respect to the flange 571. Inother embodiments, other arrangements can enhance the flexibility of theramp 561. This flexibility can allow the latch lever 578 to easilyengage and disengage a detented surface of the ramp 561.

Operation of the stability assembly of FIG. 11 is substantially similarto that of the stability assembly of FIGS. 1-6. A user can advance theretention member 553 from the first position towards the secondposition, thereby advancing the latch lever 578 over the ramp 561. Insome embodiments, flexibility of the ramp 561 can facilitate thisadvancement by allowing the ramp 561 to move longitudinally distallywith respect to the base. To disengage the latch lever 578 from the ramp561, the user can pivot the latch lever 578 toward the actuation lever576, such as by squeezing the levers 576, 578 toward one another betweenthe user's thumb and finger.

With reference to FIGS. 12A-12D, similar to the embodiment of FIGS. 1-6,in the embodiment illustrated in FIG. 12 (which includes FIGS. 12A-12D),the stability assembly comprises a stability member 620 having a lumen622 extending therethrough, a base 657 comprises a passage 659 definingan inner surface thereof, a constriction such as a ramped surface 663,and a retention slot 665. In some embodiments, the base 657 can comprisea ledge or stop 691 to limit rotation of the cannula retention member653. Likewise as illustrated, the cannula retention member 653 comprisesan annular loop portion 672, and a lever portion 670. As illustrated,the lever portion 670 comprises an actuation lever 676 and a latch lever678 slidably coupled to the actuation lever 676. The annular loopportion 672 can comprise a retention tab 683 to maintain thelongitudinal position of the retention member 653 with respect to thebase 657.

With continued reference to FIG. 12, similar to the stability assemblyof FIG. 11, an interface surface on the base 657 comprises a ramp 661positioned on a flange 671 of the base 657, which can be configured tobe flexible, such as with an adjacent slot 668. The interface surface onthe retention member 653 comprises a two-piece sliding lever assembly670. The lever assembly 670 comprises an actuation lever 676, and alatch lever 678 slidably disposed with respect to the actuation lever676. The actuation lever 676 can have a track 685 formed therein, andthe latch lever 678 can have a profiled surface 687 adapted to slidablyengage the track 685. In other embodiments, other sliding arrangementsand track geometries such as a rounded track and rounded mating profilecan be provided. FIG. 12B illustrates the latch lever 678 in a loweredposition such that it can interfere with a detent of the ramp 661positioned on the flange 671 of the base 657. FIG. 12C illustrates thelatch lever 678 in a raised position such that it does not interferewith the detent of the ramp 661 on the flange 671 of the base 657.

Operation of the stability assembly of FIG. 12 is substantially similarto that of the stability assembly of FIG. 11. A user can advance theretention member 653 from the first position towards the secondposition, thereby advancing the latch lever 678 over the ramp 661. Insome embodiments, flexibility of the ramp 661 can facilitate thisadvancement. To disengage the latch lever 678 from the ramp 661, theuser can slide the latch lever 678 toward the actuation lever 676, suchas by squeezing the levers 676, 678 in the user's thumb and forefinger.Thus, once the retention member 653 has been rotated to second position,the latch lever 678 in the lowered position can retain the retentionmember 653 in the second position, while raising the latch lever bysliding it relative to the actuation lever allows the retention member653 to be returned to the first position. In some embodiments, the leverassembly 670 can comprise a biasing member such as a spring to bias thelatch lever 678 towards the lower position.

With reference to FIG. 13, similar to the embodiment of FIGS. 1-6, inthe embodiment illustrated in FIG. 13, the stability assembly comprisesa stability member 720, a base 757 comprising a passage 759 defining aninner surface thereof, and a retention slot 765. Likewise asillustrated, the cannula retention member 753 comprises an annular loopportion 772, and a lever portion 770. As illustrated, the lever portion770 comprises an actuation lever 776. The actuation lever 776 comprisesa latch portion 778 formed therewith. The actuation lever 776 can becoupled to the annular loop portion 772 by a flexible rib 779. Theannular loop portion 772 can comprise a retention tab 783 to maintainthe longitudinal position of the retention member 753 with respect tothe base 757.

With continued reference to FIG. 13, similar to the stability assemblyof FIG. 11, an interface surface on the base 757 comprises a ramp 761positioned on a flange 771 of the base 757, which can be configured tobe flexible, such as with an adjacent slot 768. The interface surface onthe retention member 753 comprises a surface of the latch portion 778.

Operation of the stability assembly of FIG. 13 is substantially similarto that of the stability assembly of FIG. 11. A user can advance theretention member 753 from the first position towards the secondposition, thereby advancing the latch portion 778 over the ramp 761. Insome embodiments, flexibility of the ramp 761 can facilitate thisadvancement. To disengage the latch portion 778 from the ramp 761, theuser can pivot the latch portion 778 away from the ramp 761, such as bytorquing the actuation lever 776 to cause a pivot motion about theflexible rib 779.

With reference to FIG. 14, similar to the embodiment of FIGS. 1-6, inthe embodiment illustrated in FIG. 14, the stability assembly comprisesa stability member 820, a base 857 comprising a passage 859 defining aninner surface thereof, and a retention slot 865. Likewise asillustrated, the cannula retention member 853 comprises an annular loopportion 872, and a lever portion 870. As illustrated, the lever portion870 comprises an actuation lever 876. The actuation lever 876 comprisesa latch portion 878 and flexible portion 879 formed therewith. In theillustrated embodiment, the flexible portion 879 can be formed by arelief slot in the lever portion. In other embodiments, it iscontemplated that other flexibility enhancing geometries, such as arelatively thin segment of material, can be used in the flexibleportion. The annular loop portion 872 can comprise a retention tab 883to maintain the longitudinal position of the retention member 853 withrespect to the base 857.

With continued reference to FIG. 14, similar to the stability assemblyof FIG. 11, an interface surface on the base 857 comprises a ramp 861positioned on a flange 871 of the base 857, which can be configured tobe flexible, such as with an adjacent slot 868. The interface surface onthe retention member 853 comprises a surface of the latch portion 878.

Operation of the stability assembly of FIG. 14 is substantially similarto that of the stability assembly of FIG. 11. A user can advance theretention member 853 from the first position towards the secondposition, thereby advancing the latch portion 878 over the ramp 861. Insome embodiments, flexibility of the ramp 861 can facilitate thisadvancement. To disengage the latch portion 878 from the ramp 861, theuser can pivot the latch portion 878 away from the ramp 861, such as byflexing the latch portion 878 of the actuation lever about the flexibleportion 879.

With reference to FIGS. 15-17, embodiments of stability assembly areillustrated with a latch mechanism having an interface surfacepositioned on a inner surface of the base. FIG. 15 illustrates a topview of a base and cannula retention member of a stability assembly.FIG. 16 illustrates a perspective view of another embodiment ofstability assembly. FIG. 17 illustrates a top view of another embodimentof stability assembly.

With reference to FIG. 15, similar to the embodiment of FIGS. 1-6, inthe embodiment illustrated in FIG. 15, the base 957 comprises a passage959 defining an inner surface thereof, and a constriction such as a rampsurface 963. In some embodiments, the base 957 can comprise at least oneledge or stop 991 to limit rotation of the cannula retention member 953.As illustrated, the cannula retention member 953 comprises an annularloop portion 972, an actuation lever 976 formed adjacent a first end ofthe annular loop portion 972, and a latch lever portion 978 formedadjacent a second end of the annular loop portion 972. An interfacesurface such as a pawl 981 is disposed on an end of the latch lever 978.

In the embodiment illustrated in FIG. 15, an interface surface on thebase 957 comprises a ratchet 961 having a plurality of ramps formed onan inner surface of the base 957. Each ramp comprises an inclinedsurface 965 and a detent 967. In operation, as the cannula retentionmember 953 is advanced from a first position in which a cannula can beinserted or moved within the passage 959 to a second position in whichthe cannula is retained by the passage 959, the pawl 981 is advancedover one or more inclined surfaces 965 and into one or more detents 967of the ratchet 961. The detents 967 maintain the position of the cannularetention member 953 with respect to the base 957 once a desiredposition has been achieved. To release a cannula from within the passage959, a user can disengage the pawl 981 from the ratchet 961 bycompressing the latch lever 978 towards the passage 959. With the pawl981 disengaged from the ratchet 961, the cannula retention member 953can be returned to a first position, and a cannula moved or withdrawnfrom the passage 959.

With reference to FIG. 16, similar to the embodiment of FIGS. 1-6, inthe embodiment illustrated in FIG. 16, the stability assembly comprisesa stability member 1020, a base 1057 comprising a passage 1059 definingan inner surface thereof, and a cannula retention member 1053. The base1057 comprises a constriction, which can be formed by an increased wallthickness portion 1063 forming a ramped inner wall. As illustrated, thecannula retention member 1053 comprises an annular loop portion 1072 andan actuation lever 1076. In the illustrated embodiment, the annular loopportion 1072 comprises a relatively small segment of a generallycylindrical member, however, it is contemplated that in otherembodiments, a relatively larger segment could form the cannularetention member 1053. An interface surface such as at least one ridge1081 is formed on a surface of the annular loop portion 1072. In theillustrated embodiment, a plurality of ridges 1081 is formed on asurface of the annular loop portion 1072.

In the embodiment illustrated in FIG. 16, an interface surface on thebase 1057 comprises a ratchet 1061 having a plurality of ridges 1065formed on an inner surface of the base 1057. The ridges 1065 on the base1057 are configured to mate with the ridge 1081 on the cannula retentionmember 1053 in a plurality of secured positions. While in theillustrated embodiment, the interface surfaces comprise ridges 1065,1081, it is contemplated that in other embodiments, other geometries ofmating surface can be used such as angular protrusions or roundprotrusions and corresponding mating recesses.

In operation, as the cannula retention member 1053 is advanced from afirst position in which a cannula can be inserted or moved within thepassage 1059 to a second position in which the cannula is retained bythe passage 1059, the ridge 1081 on the cannula retention member 1053 isadvanced over the ridges 1065 on the base 1057. This mating of theridges 1065, 1081 maintains the position of the cannula retention member1053 with respect to the base 1057 once a desired position has beenachieved. To release a cannula from within the passage 1059, a user candisengage the ridge 1081 from the ratchet 1061 by compressing theactuation lever 1076 radially inwardly with respect to the passage 1059.With the ridge 1081 disengaged from the ratchet 1061, the cannularetention member 1053 can be returned to a first position, and a cannulamoved or withdrawn from the passage 1059.

With reference to FIG. 17, similar to the embodiment of FIGS. 1-6, inthe embodiment illustrated in FIG. 17, the base 1157 comprises a passage1159 defining an inner surface thereof, and a constriction such as acurved or ramped wall surface 1163. In some embodiments, the base 1157can comprise at least one ledge or stop 1191 to limit rotation of thecannula retention member 1153. As illustrated, the cannula retentionmember 1153 comprises an annular loop portion 1172 and an actuationlever 1176. An interface surface such as a round protrusion 1181 isformed on a surface of the cannula retention member 1153.

In the embodiment illustrated in FIG. 17, an interface surface on thebase 1157 comprises a ratchet 1161 having a plurality of generallycurved recesses 1165 formed on an inner surface of the base 1157. Thecurved recesses 1165 on the base 1157 are configured to mate with theround protrusion 1181 on the cannula retention member 1153 in aplurality of secured positions. As illustrated, the ratchet 1161 furthercomprises an initial recess 1167 that is larger than the roundprotrusion 1181. This initial recess 1167 allows the position of thecannula retention member 1153 to be rotated slightly with respect to thebase 1157 when the round protrusion 1181 is positioned in the initialrecess 1167. Accordingly, the initial recess 1167 can provide a tactileindication to the user when the stability assembly is in a firstposition. In other embodiments, relatively large recesses can bepositioned at other locations in the ratchet.

In operation, as the cannula retention member 1153 is advanced from afirst position in which a cannula can be inserted or moved within thepassage 1159 to a second position in which the cannula is retained bythe passage 1159, the round protrusion 1181 is advanced out of theinitial recess 1167 into one or more recesses 1165 of the ratchet 1161.The recesses 1165 maintain the position of the cannula retention member1153 with respect to the base 1157 once a desired position has beenachieved. To release a cannula from within the passage 1159, a user candisengage the round protrusion 1181 from the ratchet 1161 by compressingthe actuation lever 1176 radially inwardly with respect to the passage1159. With the round protrusion 1181 disengaged from the ratchet 1161,the cannula retention member 1153 can be returned to a first position inthe initial recess 1167, and a cannula moved or withdrawn from thepassage 1159.

Stability Assemblies for Threaded and Ribbed Cannulae

With reference to FIGS. 18-19, embodiments of stability assembly areillustrated that are adapted for use with threaded or ribbed cannulae.FIG. 18A illustrates an exploded perspective view of a stabilityassembly for use with a ribbed cannula, FIG. 18B illustrates aperspective view of a cannula retention member of the stability assemblyof FIG. 18A, and FIG. 18C illustrates a top view of a base and cannularetention member of the stability assembly of FIG. 18A. FIG. 19Aillustrates an exploded perspective view of a stability assembly for usewith a threaded cannula, FIG. 19B illustrates a perspective view of acannula retention member of the stability assembly of FIG. 19A, and FIG.19C illustrates a top view of a base and cannula retention member of thestability assembly of FIG. 19A.

With reference to FIG. 18 (including FIGS. 18A-18C), similar to theembodiment of FIGS. 1-6, in the embodiment illustrated in FIG. 18, thestability assembly comprises a stability member 1220 having a lumentherethrough 1222, a base 1257 comprising a passage 1259 defining aninner surface thereof, and a cannula retention member 1253. The base1257 comprises a constriction, which can be formed by an increased wallthickness portion 1263 forming a ramped inner wall. As illustrated, thecannula retention member 1253 comprises an annular loop portion 1272 andan actuation lever 1276. At least one retention tab 1281 is formed on anouter surface of the annular loop portion 1272 to be positioned within acorresponding at least one retention slot 1265 in the base 1257. Thistab-in-slot assembly can maintain a longitudinal position of the cannularetention member 1253 with respect to the base 1257 and can define arange of rotation of the cannula retention member 1253 relative to thebase 1257 about the central longitudinal axis.

With continued reference to FIG. 18, at least one cannula retention tab1283 is formed on an inner surface of the annular loop portion 1272. Thecannula retention tab 1283 can be sized and configured to interface withone of a plurality of ribs 1212 on the ribbed cannula 1210. In theillustrated embodiment, two cannula retention tabs 1283 (FIGS. 18B, 18C)are formed on an inner surface of the annular loop portion 1272 and arelongitudinally spaced apart with respect to the central longitudinalaxis of the stability assembly. This spacing can allow each of thecannula retention tabs 1283 to interface with a different one of theribs 1212 on the ribbed cannula 1210. In some embodiments, the cannularetention tabs 1283 can be at an approximately same longitudinalposition to interface with a single one of the cannula retention tabs.In other embodiments, the cannula retention member 1253 can have more orfewer than two cannula retention tabs 1283.

In operation, as the cannula retention member 1253 is advanced from afirst position in which a ribbed cannula 1210 can be inserted or movedwithin the passage 1259 to a second position in which the cannula isretained by the passage 1259, the cannula retention tabs 1283 on thecannula retention member 1253 are advanced radially inward within thepassage 1259 such that when the cannula retention member 1253 is in asecond position, the cannula retention tabs 1283 are seated betweenadjacent ribs 1212 of the ribbed cannula 1210. This seating of thecannula retention tabs 1283 interferes with the longitudinal movement ofthe ribs 1212 within the passage 1259, preventing longitudinal movementof the cannula. It is contemplated that any of the latch mechanismsdescribed herein can be used to maintain the cannula retention member1253 in the second position.

With reference to FIG. 19 (including FIGS. 19A-19C), similar to theembodiment of FIGS. 1-6, in the embodiment illustrated in FIG. 19, thestability assembly comprises a stability member 1320 having a lumentherethrough 1322, a base 1357 comprising a passage 1359 defining aninner surface thereof, and a cannula retention member 1353. The base1357 comprises a constriction, which can be formed by an increased wallthickness portion 1363 forming a ramped inner wall. As illustrated, thecannula retention member 1353 comprises an annular loop portion 1372 andan actuation lever 1376. At least one retention tab 1381 is formed on anouter surface of the annular loop portion 1372 to be positioned within acorresponding at least one retention slot 1365 in the base 1357. Thistab-in-slot assembly can maintain a longitudinal position of the cannularetention member 1353 with respect to the base 1357 and can define arange of rotation of the cannula retention member 1353 relative to thebase 1357 about the central longitudinal axis.

With continued reference to FIG. 19, at least one cannula retention tab1383 is formed on an inner surface of the annular loop portion 1372. Thecannula retention tab 1383 can be sized and configured to interface witha helical thread 1312 on the threaded cannula 1310. In the illustratedembodiment, two cannula retention tabs 1383 (FIGS. 19B, 19C) are formedon an inner surface of the annular loop portion 1372 and arelongitudinally spaced apart with respect to the central longitudinalaxis of the stability assembly. In other embodiments, the cannularetention member 1353 can have more or fewer than two cannula retentiontabs 1383.

In operation, as the cannula retention member 1353 is advanced from afirst position in which a threaded cannula 1310 can be inserted or movedwithin the passage 1359 to a second position in which the cannula isretained by the passage 1359, the cannula retention tabs 1383 on thecannula retention member 1353 are advanced radially inward within thepassage 1359 such that when the cannula retention member 1353 is in asecond position, the cannula retention tabs 1383 are seated betweenadjacent helical coils of the helical thread 1312 of the threadedcannula 1310. This seating of the cannula retention tabs 1383 interfereswith the longitudinal movement of the helical thread 1312 within thepassage 1359, preventing longitudinal movement of the cannula 1310. Itis contemplated that any of the latch mechanisms described herein can beused to maintain the cannula retention member 1353 in the secondposition.

Cam Pin Stability Assembly

FIGS. 20A-20C illustrate another embodiment of stability assemblyincorporating a cam pin mechanism to retain a cannula within thepassage. Similar to the embodiment of FIGS. 1-6, in the embodimentillustrated in FIG. 20 (including FIGS. 20A-20C), the stability assemblycomprises a base 1457 comprising a passage 1459 defining an innersurface thereof, and a cannula retention member 1453. The base 1457 canbe configured to couple with a stability member as described herein withrespect to other embodiments of stability assembly. The base 1457comprises one or more flexible members 1463 positioned therein and atleast partially defining a surface of the passage 1459. As illustrated,two flexible members 1463 are formed with slots 1465 adjacent thereto.The slots 1465 can have a variable profile such that movement of a pinwithin the slot in a certain direction can have a camming effect on theflexible members 1463, advancing them radially inwardly. This radialadvancement of the flexible members 1463 can reduce an inner diameter ofthe passage 1459 to restrict motion of a cannula therein. The base 1457can further comprise a base lever 1478.

With continued reference to FIG. 20, as illustrated, the cannularetention member 1453 comprises an annular ring portion 1472 and anactuation lever 1476. At least one pin 1481 protrudes from a surface ofthe annular ring portion 1472 to be positioned within a corresponding atleast one retention slot 1465 in the base 1457.

In operation, a user can compress the base lever 1478 and the actuationlever 1476 towards one another to rotate the cannula retention member1453 relative to the base 1457 about a central longitudinal axis of thestability assembly. As the cannula retention member 1453 is rotatedabout a central longitudinal axis of the stability assembly from a firstposition in which a cannula can be inserted or moved within the passage1459 to a second position in which the cannula is retained by thepassage 1459, the pins 1481 on the cannula retention member 1453 areadvanced within the slots 1465 of the base 1457. This advancement of thepins 1465 in the slots causes the flexible members 1463 to advanceradially inward. When the cannula retention member 1453 is in a secondposition, the inner diameter of the passage 1459 has been reduced suchthat longitudinal movement of a cannula in the passage 1459 isrestricted.

In some embodiments, the wedge-like camming forces generated by the pin1481 in slot 1465 motion can retain the cannula retention member 1453 inthe second position. In other embodiments, a variable profile of theslots 1465 can be configured with a cam profile and a small relief ordetent to retain the pins 1481 once the cannula retention member 1453 isin the second position, allowing the interaction of the pins and theslots to effectively maintain the cannula retention member 1453 in thesecond position. In other embodiments, it is contemplated that a latchmechanism such as one of the mechanisms described herein can be used tomaintain the cannula retention member 1453 in the second position.

With reference to FIG. 20C, another embodiment of base 1457′ for usewith a cam pin stability assembly, such as that of FIGS. 20A-20B isillustrated. In the illustrated embodiment, the base 1457′ can beconfigured to couple with a stability member as described herein withrespect to other embodiments of stability assembly. The base 1457′comprises one or more flexible members 1463′ positioned therein and atleast partially defining a surface of the passage 1459′. The flexiblemembers 1463′ can comprise relatively thick cannula interface padshaving a first and second relatively thin flexible rib extending fromopposite ends thereof. As illustrated, two flexible members 1463′ areformed with closed slots 1465′ adjacent thereto. The slots 1465′ canhave a variable profile such that movement of a pin within the slot in acertain direction can have a camming effect on the flexible members1463′, advancing them radially inwardly. This radial advancement of theflexible members 1463′ can reduce an inner diameter of the passage 1459′to restrict motion of a cannula therein. The base 1457′ can furthercomprise a base lever 1478′.

Retention Loop Stability Assemblies

FIGS. 21-22 illustrate another embodiment of stability assemblyincorporating a retention loop mechanism to retain a cannula within thepassage. FIG. 21A illustrates an exploded perspective view of anembodiment of stability assembly having a retention loop mechanism. FIG.21B illustrates a perspective view of the stability assembly of FIG.21A. FIG. 22A illustrates an exploded perspective view of anotherembodiment of stability assembly having a retention loop mechanism. FIG.22B illustrates a perspective view of the stability assembly of FIG.22A.

With reference to FIG. 21 (including FIGS. 21A-21B), similar to theembodiment of FIGS. 1-6, in the illustrated embodiment, the stabilityassembly comprises a stability member 1520 and a base 1557 comprising apassage 1559 defining an inner surface thereof. The stability member1520 comprises a proximal end 1522 having a reduced outer diameter, anda distal end 1524 contoured to be inserted into an entry port incision.The base 1559 includes a retention loop such as a flexible arm 1563integrally formed therewith, which at least partially defines an innerdiameter of the base.

With continued reference to FIG. 21, when assembled, in the illustratedembodiment, the base 1557 extends around a proximal portion 1522 of thestability member 1520, such that the stability member 1520 extendsthrough the passage 1559 and the flexible arm 1563 contacts thestability member 1520. The stability assembly also comprises an actuator1553 coupled to the base and configured to actuate the retention loop.In the illustrated embodiment, the actuator 1553 comprises an actuationlever 1576 at one end thereof, and a cam surface 1578 at an opposite endthereof. The cam surface 1578 bears on the flexible arm 1563.

In operation, the actuator 1553 is movable between a first position inwhich the inner diameter of the base has a first diameter and a secondposition in which the inner diameter of the base has a second diametersmaller than the first diameter. In the illustrated embodiment, theactuator 1553 is pivotably coupled to the base 1557 at a pair ofmounting flanges 1565, and pivoting of the actuator 1553 advances theflexible arm 1563 radially inward by advancing the cam surface 1578along the flexible arm 1563. This radial advancement of the flexible arm1563 reduces the inner diameter of the passage 1559 to restrict motionof a cannula. To release the cannula or reposition the stabilityassembly along the cannula, a user can pivot the actuator 1553 in anopposite direction such that the diameter of the passage is increased.

In some embodiments, the cam profile can be shaped such that oncepivoted to the second position, the actuator 1553 is maintained in thesecond position by camming forces. In other embodiments, a latchmechanism such as a ratchet or another mechanism described herein withrespect to other embodiments of stability assembly can be used tomaintain the actuator 1553 in the second position.

With reference to FIG. 22 (including FIGS. 22A-22B), similar to theembodiment of FIGS. 1-6, in the illustrated embodiment, the stabilityassembly comprises a stability member 1620 and a base 1657 comprising apassage 1659 defining an inner surface thereof. The stability member1620 comprises a proximal end 1622 having a reduced outer diameter andconfigured to engage the base 1657, and a distal end 1624 contoured tobe inserted into an entry port incision.

With continued reference to FIG. 22, the stability assembly comprises aretention assembly comprising the base 1657, a retention loop 1663, andan actuator 1653. The base 1657 comprises a slot 1665 formed therein andsized and configured to receive a portion of the retention loop 1663therein. The retention loop 1663 comprises a loop portion 1672 and aconnector portion configured to couple to the actuator 1653. In theillustrated embodiment, the connector portion comprises a plurality ofapertures 1667 formed in a flanged surface of the retention loop 1663.

With continued reference to FIG. 22, when assembled, in the illustratedembodiment, the base 1657 extends around a proximal portion 1622 of thestability member 1620, such that the stability member 1620 extendsthrough the passage 1659. The loop portion 1672 has a first portionextending around a portion of the base 1657 and a second portionextending through the slot 1665 of the base 1657 such that an innerdiameter of the retention assembly is defined by an inner surface of thepassage 1659 of the base 1657 and the second portion of the loop portion1672. The actuator 1653 is coupled to the retention loop 1663 andconfigured to actuate the retention loop 1663. As illustrated, theactuator 1653 comprises an actuation lever 1676 at one end thereof, anda plurality of offset posts 1678 at an opposite end thereof.

In operation, the actuator 1653 is movable between a first position inwhich the inner diameter of the retention assembly has a first diameterand a second position in which the inner diameter of the retentionassembly has a second diameter smaller than the first diameter. In theillustrated embodiment, the actuator 1653 is pivotably coupled to theretention loop 1663 by the pivot connection of the posts 1678 of theactuator 1653 at a pair of apertures 1667 of the retention loop 1663. Inother embodiments, other pivot connections are contemplated to be withinthe scope of the present subject matter. In the illustrated embodiment,pivoting of the actuator 1653 reduces an inner diameter of the loopportion 1672. This diametric reduction reduces the inner diameter of thepassage 1659 to restrict motion of a cannula. To release the cannula orreposition the stability assembly along the cannula, a user can pivotthe base an opposite direction such that the diameter of the passage isincreased.

In some embodiments, the connection between the actuator 1653 and theretention loop 1663 can be configured such that once the actuator 1653is pivoted to the second position, the actuator 1653 is maintained inthe second position. In other embodiments, a latch mechanism such as aratchet or another mechanism discussed herein with respect to otherembodiments of stability assembly can be used to maintain the actuator1653 in the second position.

Stability Members

FIGS. 23-24 illustrate various embodiments of stability members that canbe incorporated in a stability assembly, such as any of the stabilityassemblies described herein. FIG. 23A illustrates a longitudinalcross-sectional view of an embodiment of stability member. FIG. 23Billustrates a longitudinal cross-sectional view of the stability memberof FIG. 23A having various embodiments of cannula seal in an exemplaryembodiment stability assembly positioned on a cannula. FIG. 24Aillustrates a perspective view of another embodiment of stability memberhaving an elliptical profile. FIG. 24B illustrates a top view of thestability member of FIG. 24A.

With reference to FIG. 23 (which includes FIGS. 23A and 23B), astability member 20 comprises a lumen 22 extending therethrough along acentral longitudinal axis, an inner profile 24, and an outer profile 30.As discussed above with respect to FIGS. 1-6, the stability member 20can be formed of a flexible material such as a silicone material.

In the illustrated embodiment, the inner profile 24 can be adapted toreceive a portion of a base of a stability assembly. While theillustrated embodiment depicts one base 57 in the stability assembly, itis contemplated that the stability member 20 embodiments of FIG. 23 canform part of any of the embodiments of stability assembly describedherein. The inner profile 24 can include an annular groove 26 formedtherein configured to receive a flange protruding from a base. The innerprofile 24 can also include segments having different inner diametersadapted to envelop segments of a base having different outer diameters.The inner profile can also include a cannula seal 28 such as a roundedannular protrusion. With reference to FIG. 23B, various profiles ofcannula seal 28, 128, 228, 328, 428, 528, 628 can be used to seal thestability member 28 against an outer surface of a cannula 10, includingprotrusions having various curvilinear and angular geometries, and, insome embodiments, parallel sets of protrusions 528, 628 offeringredundant seals. Desirably, the cannula seal profiles allow the cannulato be easily inserted or repositioned, while maintaining a fluid-tightseal between the cannula and the stability member.

In the illustrated embodiment, the outer profile 30 can adapted to sealwith an entry port incision. In the illustrated embodiment, thestability member 20 has a generally conical shape tapering from arelatively large proximal end 34 to a relatively small distal end 36.The outer profile 30 of the stability member 20 can also include atleast one retention feature 32 such as a ridge, protrusion, or rampedsurface protruding therefrom. In the illustrated embodiment, the outerprofile 30 includes a plurality of rounded annular ridges protrudingtherefrom. These ridges can aid in maintaining the stability member 20in the incision site once inserted.

With reference to FIG. 24 (which includes FIGS. 24A-24B), in someembodiments, a stability member 120 for use with a stability assemblysuch as any of the stability assemblies described herein can have aneccentric profile such as a generally oblong or oval profile. Thestability member 120 can have a generally cylindrical lumen 122therethrough including an inner profile as discussed above with respectto FIG. 23 to receive a base of a stability assembly such as any of theembodiments of stability assembly discussed herein. However, an outerprofile 130 of the stability member 120 can be eccentric, having agreater length along a first axis A1 than a second, orthogonal axis A2.In some embodiments, a base of a stability assembly can be rotatablewithin the lumen 122 with respect to the stability member 120 such thatthe base can be positioned as desired with respect to the oblongdimensions of the stability member 120. Advantageously, since an entryincision is typically a linear cut, an oval or oblong profile can oftenconform better to the incision during placement and use.

With continued reference to FIG. 24, the outer profile 130 of thestability member 120 can be contoured to increase sealing and securingof the cone with the incision. In the illustrated embodiment, the otherprofile 130 includes a plurality of ramp surfaces 132 alternating withrounded detents to facilitate insertion of the stability member 120 andits maintenance in the incision. In other embodiments, it iscontemplated that an oblong stability member can include other retentionmembers such as rounded annular ridges as discussed above with respectto FIG. 23.

Although the present invention has been described in certain specificaspects, many additional modifications and variations would be apparentto those skilled in the art. For example, it is contemplated thatvarious combinations of stability member and latch mechanism could bemade to provide different seals/profiles for particular entries and/orincision sites. It is therefore to be understood that the presentinventions may be practiced otherwise than specifically described,including various changes in the size, shape and materials, withoutdeparting from the scope and spirit of the present application. Thus,embodiments of the present application should be considered in allrespects as illustrative and not restrictive. The scope of the presentapplication should therefore be determined only by a fair reading of theclaims which follow.

1. A stability assembly for a trocar system comprising: a stabilitymember adapted to seal an entry port incision, the stability memberhaving a lumen extending therethrough, the lumen defining a longitudinalaxis of the stability assembly and the stability member having a conicalprofile about the longitudinal axis; a base positioned at leastpartially within the lumen, the base having a passage extending alongthe longitudinal axis, the passage adapted to receive a cannula therein;and a retention member positioned such that the retention member and thepassage define an inner diameter of the stability assembly; and whereinthe retention member is rotatable about the longitudinal axis between afirst position wherein the stability assembly has a first inner diameterand a second position wherein the stability assembly has a second innerdiameter smaller than the first inner diameter and wherein the retentionmember is unbiased towards either one of the first position and thesecond position and is actively engageable such that the retentionmember in the first position remains in the first position and theretention member in the second position remains in the second position.2. The stability assembly of claim 1, wherein the base comprises a slotformed therein and the retention member comprises a tab formed thereon,the tab positioned in the slot to maintain a position of the retentionmember with respect to the base along the longitudinal axis.
 3. Thestability assembly of claim 1, wherein the retention member comprises atleast one protrusion formed on an inner surface thereof.
 4. Thestability assembly of claim 3, wherein the at least one protrusioncomprises a plurality of protrusions, each of the protrusions at a samelongitudinal position with respect to the longitudinal axis.
 5. Thestability assembly of claim 3, wherein the at least one protrusioncomprises a plurality of protrusions spaced apart from one another withrespect to the longitudinal axis.
 6. The stability assembly of claim 1,wherein the passage of the base comprises a ramped inner surfacepositioned such that the retention member is advanced over the rampedinner surface during movement of the retention member from the firstposition to the second position.
 7. The stability assembly of claim 1,wherein the stability member is contoured to facilitate insertion to theentry port incision.
 8. The stability assembly of claim 7, wherein thestability member has an oblong profile about a lateral axissubstantially perpendicular to the longitudinal axis.
 9. The stabilityassembly of claim 8, wherein the base is rotatable about thelongitudinal axis with respect to the stability member.
 10. Thestability assembly of claim 7, wherein the stability member is contouredto resist removal from the entry port incision.
 11. The stabilityassembly of claim 7, wherein the base comprises a central openingforming the passage and at least one slot formed adjacent the passageand spaced from the passage by a rib, and wherein the retention membercomprises a protrusion positioned in the slot and configured to advancethe rib towards the passage as the retention member is rotated from thefirst position to the second position.
 12. The stability assembly ofclaim 1, wherein the retention member comprises: a retention loop havinga first portion extending around a portion of the base; and an actuatorcoupled to the retention loop and configured to actuate the retentionloop, wherein rotation of the retention member about the longitudinalaxis between the first position and the second position comprisesrotation of the actuator about the longitudinal axis between the firstposition and the second position.
 13. The stability assembly of claim 1,wherein the retention member comprises: a retention loop having a firstportion extending around a portion of the base; and an actuator coupledto the retention loop and configured to actuate the retention loop,wherein rotation of the retention member about the longitudinal axisbetween the first position and the second position comprises rotation ofthe actuator with respect to the retention loop between the firstposition and the second position.
 14. The stability assembly of claim 1,wherein the lumen of the stability member comprises an annular grooveformed therein configured to receive a portion of the base.
 15. Thestability assembly of claim 1, wherein the lumen of the stability membercomprises a cannula seal.
 16. The stability assembly of claim 15,wherein the cannula seal comprises an annular protrusion.
 17. Thestability assembly of claim 14, wherein the base comprises a flangeprotruding radially outwardly therefrom and wherein the annular grooveis sized and configured to receive the flange of the base.
 18. Thestability assembly of claim 15, wherein the cannula seal is configuredto maintain a fluid-tight seal with the cannula inserted through thepassage of the base.